Some people may be hearing the word "geopark" for the first time, or they may have heard it before without knowing exactly what it refers to. In any case, in this text, we provide a detailed explanation of what a geopark is and everything you need to know about the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark.
To begin with, it is important to emphasize that Kefalonia and Ithaca, two islands with a unique geographical zone, combine their rich geological and natural heritage with their cultural identity, offering an exceptional environment for residents and visitors alike.
What is a geopark?
A geopark is an area with a unique geological heritage of international significance and a strategy for sustainable territorial development. It must have clearly defined boundaries and sufficient space to enable real territorial economic growth, primarily through tourism. Geological sites should have international importance in terms of their scientific quality, rarity, aesthetics, and educational value. These sites must not only be connected to geology but also to archaeology, ecology, biodiversity, history, and culture.
The Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark
Mr. Michalis Xanthakis, Deputy Head of the Management Unit for the Protected Areas of Zakynthos and the Ionian Islands under the Natural Environment and Climate Change Agency (NECCA), provides detailed information in the following text about the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark, as shared on kefalonianglobe.com.
Geographical boundaries and features
The Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark includes:
- The administrative boundaries of Kefalonia and Ithaca.
- The islets of Atokos, Arkoudi, and the surrounding marine area, covering a total of 3,006 square kilometers.
- There are 40 geosites on Kefalonia and 10 on Ithaca, with 11 geotrails designated in total, two of which are marine routes.
Popular Geosites
Among the most popular geosites are:
- The Drogarati Cave and the speleological park of Sami.
- The Katavothres (sinkholes) of Argostoli.
- Karavomilos Lake in Sami.
- The area of Myrtos.
Visitors are encouraged to explore these geosites to gain an understanding of the geological history and natural phenomena that have shaped the region. As Mr. Xanthakis explains, ,the goal is not only to enjoy the beauty of a geosite but also to learn about its geology and the processes that formed it. For example, a visit to Myrtos Beach can go beyond swimming in the sea, offering the opportunity to learn about the geological formation of Myrtos Bay and its stunning beauty
Exhibitions and Visits
The geopark has two main centers:
- In Argostoli, at the Koutavos Environmental Information Center.
- On Ithaca, at the Anogi Cultural Center.
These centers host exhibitions of fossils and digital displays with animations and documentaries that showcase the geopark, its geosites, and the broader network of European and global geoparks. The exhibitions in Argostoli are open daily, while those in Ithaca can be visited by appointment.
The fossil exhibitions feature findings from organisms that lived during earlier geological periods. These exhibitions provide a unique opportunity for visitors to discover the rich geological and natural history of the area.
Informative Actions and Signage in the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark
To better inform visitors about the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark, approximately 40 informational signs have been installed across both islands. These signs are located:
- At the entrances of the islands, immediately notifying visitors that they are in an area protected by UNESCO.
- In major towns, such as Sami and Argostoli, providing information about the cultural and geological significance of the geopark.
- At most of the designated geosites in both regions, aiming to highlight their unique geological heritage.
Thematic Events and Sustainable Development
The geopark organizes many thematic events throughout the year to promote the importance of geosites and sustainable development among visitors and residents. These events aim to:
- Raise awareness about environmental issues among visitors and locals.
- Promote sustainable development in the local community through educational activities and public presentations.
International Participation and Collaboration
Additionally, the geopark is an active member of:
- The European Geoparks Network.
- The Global Geoparks Network.
At the European and global levels, through these networks, the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark participates in international conferences, exchanging knowledge and experiences with other protected areas worldwide. These activities enhance the visibility of the geopark and foster collaboration on a global scale.
The geopark not only succeeds in protecting the natural and geological heritage of Kefalonia and Ithaca but also highlights it as a model of sustainability and cultural value.
Every four years, the geopark is evaluated by UNESCO to retain its membership in the Global Geoparks Network. The next evaluation is scheduled for 2025.
In Greece, six sites of exceptional beauty and geological diversity are already part of UNESCO’s Global Geoparks Network: Lesvos Geopark, Psiloritis Natural Park, Chelmos-Vouraikos Geopark, Vikos-Aoos Geopark, Grevena-Kozani "Tethys" Geopark, and Sitia Natural Park. The geopark aims to enable the local population to reevaluate their heritage and encourage active involvement in the economic revitalization of their area through actions promoting ecotourism, education, and other nature-friendly activities. Local communities around the world have recognized that their geological, natural, and cultural heritage can offer a sustainable source of economic benefit. Rather than exploiting this heritage in the non-renewable ways of the past, there is an opportunity to manage it in a way that preserves it for the future through geotourism development.
Visitors’ Perspective
Visitors to the Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark express great enthusiasm for learning about the geological history of the region, as geology shapes the landscape. Kefalonia, in particular, stands out due to its geological activity and frequent earthquakes, making it a true “seismological laboratory.” Earthquakes have significantly shaped the island’s geomorphology, while their study reveals unique insights into the geological evolution of the area. As Mr. Xanthakis explains, visitors are particularly interested in and enjoy interactive experiences.
Environmental Education and School Collaboration
The geopark places significant emphasis on environmental education:
- School visits: Many schools visit the geosites.
- Off-site activities: The geopark team visits schools, conducting experiments and presentations about the island's geological history, enriching students' understanding of geology and the environment.
Collaboration Through Culture and Art
The geopark has developed strong partnerships with various institutions, such as the Ionian Center for Arts and Culture. These collaborations promote geosites through culture and art. Through cultural activities, the geopark connects geology with creative expression, enhancing visitors' experiences and engaging the local community.
The Kefalonia-Ithaca Geopark combines environmental protection with education, culture, and international collaboration. Its initiatives provide unique experiences for visitors and promote sustainable development, making the region a leading destination for geological and cultural interest.
Conclusion
Kefalonia and Ithaca are places where nature, culture, and tourism coexist harmoniously, creating a unique example of sustainable development. The protection and promotion of their natural and cultural wealth, combined with UNESCO’s international recognition, ensure a brighter future for local communities while inspiring visitors to return and share their experiences. Through geology, history, and authentic hospitality, the region continues to evolve as a high-value destination, securing the prosperity of the local society and future generations.
Photos and some information are sourced from the official Geopark website: https://kefaloniageopark.gr/. https://kefaloniageopark.gr/.
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